Saturday 10 August 2024

'Walk Away The Winner'/The Formellas - Album Release 12th September 2024


NOW RELEASED 12th SEPTEMBER 2024

(now available from Spotify, YouTube, Apple Music/iTunes, Amazon etc)


‘Walk Away The Winner’

Written/published by: Carl Dixon (PRS/MCPS) © 2009/2012/2023  
Bandtraxs (PPL) ℗ 2024

performed by
THE FORMELLAS
👇click sleeve art to listen on YouTube

Bandtraxs are delighted to announce the new updated 2024 vocal and instrumental productions of 'Walk Away The Winner' performed by The Formellas. The original official instrumental Bandtraxs releases were back in 2013 and included on the 'Make Five' album with another four new songs written at that time. This 2024 new album release of 'Walk Away The Winner' has a number of vocal and instrumental mixes which have some original elements included from earlier demo/productions as far back as the 2009. 

Track Listing
1) Stereo vocal radio mix
2) Stereo instrumental radio mix
3) Mono vocal mix
4) Mono instrumental mix
5) Stereo vocal 'sounds like 70s vinyl' mix
6) Stereo instrumental 'sounds like 70s vinyl' mix
7) Stereo vocal 'proof' mix
8) Stereo instrumental 'proof' mix
9) Stereo vocal 'more proof' mix
10) Stereo instrumental 'more proof' mix

Musicians/Artists on 'Walk Away The Winner'
Guitars/wah wah 1: Mark Baldwin

Keyboard/Bongos/Tambourine/Guitar/Wah wah guitar 2: Carl Dixon
 
Drums (hi hat figure and crashes): from the 'Drummers of Motown' 1999 CD  -  Uriel Jones & Pistol Allen (not certain who though)

Software plug ins/sequencing:  
Piano, Electric Piano, Organ, Vibes, Glockenspiel, Bass, Harpsichord, Flute, Horns, Strings, Sequenced Drums, Harp (authorised sample): Carl Dixon

Lead vocal & b/v's:Top Secret :-) 
Additional b/v's 1: Anna Melkman
Additional b/v's 2: Rosa Melkman
Additional b/v's 3: Ian Nicklin
Additional b/v's 4: Carl Dixon
Additional b/v's 5: Lakshmi Hariprasad
Additional b/v's 6: Diane Peacock

Written, arranged, produced, mixed and mastered by Carl Dixon in London & MediaCityUK

Sleeve art: Michelle Dixon
The instruments on the sleeve art have all, one way or another, appeared on some/most versions, demos & releases of 'Walk away the Winner'.

Official release date: 12th September 2024


**MUSIC Publishers/Record Labels**
This song/audio does NOT contain the 1974 'TSOP' (MFSB) song melody, any Salsoul drum samples or include any Philly musicians.


History Of The Song
'Walk Away The Winner' was written and produced with 'The Sound of Philadelphia' (TSOP) in mind. I had recently returned from Philly in 2008 for writing and producing purposes with guitarist, song writer, producer, arranger Bobby Eli and was enthusiastic about coming up with something appropriate. 

The history of the song goes back as far as 2009 when demos were first created in London and uploaded to You Tube, for example, hoping there would be interest in the song and production. At that time there was no interest, so I removed it. However many years later there were a number of electronic communications to me regarding a particular version I had uploaded that generated curiosity about the song/recording. It appears to have been downloaded by the esteemed Italian DJ Miki from Bologna (CIAK) and included on one of his '1975' mix tapes (that can only have been compiled somewhere from 2009 onwards). I do not wish to speculate what exactly happened, but there are a number of individuals who believe I have nothing to do with the song, which is incorrect. I must be honest, in the writing and producing of the demos the song slightly changed direction and became more complex. I do have a few of those 2009 demos still on my hard drive. When I first heard the mix tape version I was foxed. It was speeded up and had the original midi bass on it (which was probably Logic's ES1) and I thought my 2013 released version bass had somehow been removed. Of course it had not, as this was a demo from 2009 featuring my midi bass notes. Also there was other processing on it and it's more than likely I was responsible in part because I was experimenting with software that changed the dynamics of the recording. I was reluctant to upload a mix that was pure if that makes sense. Also I was trying to be faithful to the Philly sound and worked hard on creating something that would tick the boxes. 

 Trivia surrounding the writing/recording process of the demos: Circa 20010/11, I changed my computer and moved from Windows to MAC. I had been working on a very old version of Logic Audio and once on the MAC I had to migrate all my files and learn the operating system and new version of Logic Pro. That is why there is a hole in certain works I was writing/producing. Also I was was in the process of releasing my Detroit recordings from March 2008, including pressing up vinyl for two of those songs at Archer's in Detroit. In addition I was also releasing two of the Philly tracks recorded in September 2008. And, to make things even more complicated I was trying to write five new songs for the 'Bandtraxs 'Make Five' album. And....I was working full time with day and night shifts plus weekends between my writing and producing. So please forgive me if my recollections are somewhat disjointed. 

Looking back though, the 2009 'Walk Away The Winner' demo was good enough to make a few think it was an unreleased Philly gem from the mid 70s, which it wasn't. As for featuring on a genuine 1975 mix tape of that date, it is impossible as firstly I only started writing the song in 2009 and even then some of the production demos included a number of drum samples only recorded in 1999 from 'The Drummers of Motown' CD created for music producers which I purchased in New York that same year. Secondly, originally I used a few Salsoul samples on the 2009 demos to kick the song off in my DAW Logic Audio which were given to song writers/music producers via a publication in 'Future Music' where they were looking for the next 'Spiller Groovejet' after the 1999 success of Sophie Ellis-Bexter performing lead vocals on 'If This Ain't Love'. This had a short Salsoul Records sample from 'Love Is You' by Carol Williams included on that production. 

There was a suggestion the DJ Miki 1975 mix tape that contained this 'unknown Philly' track was a fake, but that is outside the remit of this blog presser. Ironically I have tried to clear the samples used in the 2009 demos with Salsoul Records with a view to including one of the demos on this album. Sadly it is too complicated to do. 




The 2013 'Make Five'/Bandtraxs album was in effect five new songs with 2 mixes each and where the first ever released 'Walk Away The Winner' originally featured as two instrumental versions. They had live bass guitar and midi drums from a playable kit, not the Salsoul samples. The plan was always to do vocal versions at some stage on all the songs. To date, only 'A Little of the Big Stuff' and 'Walk Away The Winner' have vocals. However, some of the lyrics for WATW were written in 2009 where a slight change was made in 2023 when I completed them.
Some lyrics written in 2009 for WATW, the rest completed in 2023, 14 years later

Because of the interest in the song in recent years I decided to create these updated versions and release as I felt some of the acrimonious communications and even defamation I received on line were unfair about my 2009 demo and song writing. To those individuals involved who maybe read this, I am grateful ironically. Their passion for 70s music is similar to mine and without their involvement this album would not exist. In addition though, there were a number of individuals who were extremely complimentary about 'Walk Away The Winner'. Again, without their communications to me this album would not be here either and I thank them for their kind words. 


Influences on me & 'Walk Away The Winner'
Back in 2009 I was analysing a 1974 recording called 'Satin Soul' by The Love Unlimited Orchestra. I could not believe how many different guitar parts/licks were on the production. I love the Barry White/Gene Page string arrangements too. I have six guitar tracks on 'WATW' (not all playing at the same time) and three are wah wah's. It was 'Satin Soul' that made me experiment with more guitars on this production.

In certain parts of WATW there is a low single note piano figure. I liked what Gamble & Huff did at the beginning of 'You'll never find another love like mine' performed by Lou Rawls. It was this song that influenced that notion of a single low note piano lick.

The Philly vibraphones to me was always Vince Montana and I try and replicate what he may have done with his mallets on WATW. I may, at some, stage do more mixes and a full on vibraphone instrumental would be nice.

The drum sound on WATW is how I would think Philly MFSB/Salsoul Orchestra drummer Earl Young may have tackled it. He has been an influence on my songwriting, production and how I try to replicate his drum playing. 

When it comes to the mid 70s Philly sound, I always think how would Philly MFSB, Salsoul Orchestra guitarist Bobby Eli perform on the track. He has been a massive influence on me since 1974. His influence is within WATW with the guitars and vocal stacking etc. Writing and producing with him in 2008 was extra special. See my dedication to him below. I have yet to attempt his guitar 'chanks' on recordings to date. If you listen carefully to some 70s Philly you will hear him chanking away and doing that sitar style guitar, plus of course his wah wah work. 

l attended the 2nd week Detroit leg of 'The Soulful Tale of Two Cities' in 2006 and saw Philly singer/song writer/producer Phil Hurt in the studio with The Velvelettes recording a few tracks. Watching them warming up in the studio made me think how I should record vocals from then on. 

I love the vocals by Love Unlimted. When they sing certain phrases, they dip the (long) last word once started and back up again. I have tried that technique in part with 'Walk Away The Winner'.

Billy Jackson was a member of Philly doo wop group The Revels in the 50s and involved with many productions of the 60/70s including for the group The Tymes in both decades. The female operatic style vocal idea on WATW was because of how he started 'Miss Grace'. I think it elevated the song/production. I met him many years ago in London and he told me the lead vocal on 'You Little Trustmaker'/The Tymes was him. He had to go in the studio as producer to show the group what he wanted and decided to keep the vocal he did. He said Sigma Sound was booked up so much in Philly back in those days, he had to cut his rhythm tracks in New York and get the sweetening done in Philly later (Richard Rome). 

This comment from Double Exposure member Charles Whittington about a 2009 WATW demo I sent him (via email) 12th August 2009:

Hey!! Again;
I just this minute had the chance to listen to, Walk Away the Winner and I must say that I liked it very much.  I think you have truly captured the sound of the, Salsoul Orchestra, as well as "MFSB & TSOP.  It is a winner, (smile), in the fact of it being right in the pocket of the (70's) Disco music style.
Here's hoping that it becomes a smash for you!!  It's in the public's hands now.  I'll be praying for a good response.


Sleeve Art Connections
As mentioned above, the instruments on the sleeve art appear on many demo and released versions of 'Walk Away The Winner' in one way or another. I wanted those instruments to be part of the sleeve art. My wife came up with the trophy and trainer idea.




R.I.P. Bobby Eli (August 2023)
MFSB, The Salsoul Orchestra, The Interpretations, The Philly Groove Orchestra - guitarist, song writer, producer and an original member of The Trammps

These 'The Formellas' new releases are dedicated to my Philly chum/co producer/writer/guitarist/arranger Bobby Eli who passed away in 2023. We co wrote (along with Chiquita Green) and produced 'Soul Recession' performed by Double Exposure & 'There I go falling in love again' performed by Chiquita Green. He, along with all the MFSB, Salsoul Orchestra, TSOP, PhillyGroove musicians, writers, producers & artists inspired me to write and produce.

Outside Bobby Eli's studio 'The Grooveyard' in 2008


Communications from Bobby to me circa 2013:-

"You really nail the classic Philly sound, especially early Salsoul. Which programs are you using to create this stuff?"

"I feel as though Ive been whisked away in my time machine to 1973.
I love it. You are really getting good at it."

Knowing of Bobby's name on records from the 1970s, meeting him face to face in 2003, travelling to Detroit to hook up with him and Vonnie for 'The Soulful Tale of Two Cities' session in 2006, writing and producing with him in 2008 in Philly was a fabulous journey. He taught me much with his knowledge and expertise. He was a real mentor.

The above photo is 2008 outside his studio in Philly. Left to right: Earl Young (one of the greatest drummers ever/singer/song writer/producer), myself, Rikki Hicks (percussion - it was he who played the congas on 'I love Music' by The O'Jays), Bobby Eli (multi award winning writer/producer/guitarist/arranger), Jimmie Williams (Bass - it was he who came up with the bass figure on 'Ain't no stopping us now'), Dennis Harris (guitar/arranger, an original member of The Trammps(?) - a cousin of Norman Harris), T G Conway (song writer/pianist/producer - it was he who co wrote 'Ten Percent' with Allan Felder for Double Exposure).


Bobby came over to the UK/Prestatyn with The Volcanos in 2016. Here he is at rehearsals. He was going to borrow my guitar at some stage, wouldn't that have been something!



And this is how Bobby and myself often communicated about new songs being worked up:



'Walk Away The Winner' was WRITTEN & PRODUCED IN ENGLAND - Not Philly, not Detroit, not anywhere in the USA or the Moon, but London & MediaCityUK. This release was created using Logic Audio (Windows), Logic Pro (MAC) in London/MediaCityUK using 'Walk Away The Winner' files/audio etc from 2009 onwards and adding new guitar work from Nashville and UK vocals, plus a few midi instrument contributions. Complicated, tell me about it!

For more information about other Bandtraxs releases please visit

© Carl Dixon 2024  All Rights Reserved


Wednesday 8 November 2023

'He's Always Mad About Something' by The Formellas

PRESS RELEASE 
NOW AVAILABLE 2023
(official release 2nd April 2023)
‘He’s Always Mad About Something’
Written/published by: Carl Dixon (PRS/MCPS) © 2014  
Bandtraxs (PPL) ℗ 2023

performed by
THE FORMELLAS

Can be purchased from Amazon, iTunes etc and streamed via all leading digital services




Bandtraxs are delighted to release 'He's always mad about something' performed this time by The Formellas. This is a throwback to a mid 1970s east coast disco style production which may have emanated from the likes of Philly & New York. The recording process is over, the mix/masters are complete for an official release on the 2nd April 2023. The original version was by The Delgonives released in 2017.  

The drums were recorded in Detroit, the guitars, bass and horns all recorded in Nashville. Thank you to Drew, Sam, Gary, Mark, Roy and Mike as usual. The track listing looks like this:

  1. He’s always mad about something (Vocal Radio Mix)                   GBXNE2200001  3:31
  2. He’s always mad about something (Instrumental Radio Mix)        GBXNE2200002  3:30
  3. He’s always mad about something (Extended Vocal Mix)             GBXNE2200003  4:34
  4. He’s always mad about something (Extended Instrumental Mix)  GBXNE2200004  4:32
  5. He’s always mad about something (Trombone Vocal Mix)            GBXNE2200005  3:31
  6. He’s always mad about something (Mono Vocal Mix)                   GBXNE2200006  3:31
  7. He’s always mad about something (Sounds Like 70s Vinyl Mix)   GBXNE2200007  3:31
  8. He's always mad about something (Vocal Deluxe Mix)                 GBXNE2200008  3:31
                                  
A number of mixes exist which may appeal to Music Supervisors for their programming/production needs and those who may just like instrumentals or alternative versions. This release includes a first 'Vocal Deluxe' version and features an octave difference on some of the strings, a male background vocal in addition to the female ones and a glockenspiel punctuating the strings in places. The 'Trombone' mix changes the last chorus by removing the lead vocal and only using the solo ad lib which is on all the other vocal versions with the chorus. In addition there is extra trombone in that same segment which makes it uniquely different compared to the other vocal versions. I have had some positive feedback regarding previous 'Sounds like vinyl' mixes which has encouraged me to make available on this release too. Dust, warp, hum, noise can be added digitally and here with a view to replicate a mid 70s stereo 45 rpm vinyl record. 


Title: He's always mad about something
Writer: Carl Dixon
Published by: Carl Dixon (PRS/MCPS)
Artist: The Formellas
Label: Bandtraxs (PPL)
ISRC number: GBXNE2200001 to GBXNE2200008
UPC: 198004307048
This release: 2nd April 2023
Recording location: London/Nashville/Detroit/Salford

Drums: Drew Shultz
Baritone, alto & tenor sax: Sam Levine
Trombone: Roy Agee
Trumpet: Mike Haynes
Guitar: Mark Baldwin
Bass guitar: Gary Lunn
Keyboards/tambourine: Carl Dixon

Drew Schulz

Sam Levine

Gary Lunn

Mark Baldwin

Mike Haynes

Roy Agee


      Written, produced, mixed and mastered by Carl Dixon for Bandtraxs Productions 
      © 2014 the song (PRS/MCPS) & ℗ 2023 these recordings, Carl Dixon (PPL)
        


For more information about other Bandtraxs releases please visit

© Carl Dixon 2023  All Rights Reserved

Tuesday 7 November 2023

'A little of the big stuff' by The Formellas

PRESS RELEASE

'A Little of the Big Stuff'

Performed by
THE FORMELLAS
Written by: Carl Dixon
Published by: Carl Dixon (PRS) © 2011 (℗2017


The official release date is the 1st June 2017 and can be purchased from, Amazon, iTunes and all leading streaming services.




If you enjoy retro sounding mid 1970s soul, this new album release features no less than fourteen mixes to capture the spirit of disco music prevalent around that time. These productions have been carefully crafted with respect to a period that gave us the likes of Love Unlimited, The Three Degrees, The Sound of Philadelphia, The Salsoul Orchestra and MFSB. The instrumentation remains faithful to a more traditional style of arrangement from the days when sequencing and midi did not exist. Although using modern techniques to record these tracks, the essence of the music here still sounds organic and collaborative. The main influences for this music are the 1970s and particularly the Philly Sound. Nobody will ever recreate that music successfully without the musicians who made it and arrangers that so eloquently added their input to the songs in the first place. The likes of Bobby Eli, Earl Young, Vince Montana, T G Conway, Jimmie Williams, Phil Hurtt, Tony Bell, Larry Washington, Ronnie Baker, Norman Harris, Thom Bell, Richard Rome and Bobby Martin are a few names that come to mind, but there are so many other individuals responsible for that sound too numerous to mention. The writers, producers, musicians, arrangers and artists are greatly appreciated and are celebrated here with efforts to write and produce similarly.

This song was originally an instrumental released on the Bandtraxs album named 'Make five' and was merely a notion that one day lyrics would be written and vocals added. These are the fruits of that idea with studio recorded drums, horns, guitars and bass guitar. Studio pro’s in LA provided the horn and the female vocal tracks with LaTisha on lead and b/v's, whilst Bobby Eli recorded Jeff Leonard on drums in his ‘The Grooveyard’ studio in Philly on the main tracks of this album. From a trivia point of view, the Loft mixes are specifically with early looped drums I was experimenting with before I commissioned Philly studio drums. These are real drums professionally recorded for producers to use with their productions whether demos or commercial releases, but I wanted a real Philly groove on this hence Jeff Leonard's contribution. The Moss mixes are the original London drums by Simon Moss from the instrumental version of ALOTBS off the 'Make Five' album released previously, except this time accompanied by vocals and other instruments not recorded previously. Simon was the drummer with Manchester 80s group 'The Clouds'. The bass guitar by Gavin Morris is on all versions, also from Manchester.


IMPORTANT INFORMATION

Title: A little of the big stuff
Writers: Carl Dixon (PRS)
Artist: The Formellas
Label: Bandtraxs
Production: Carl Dixon for Bandtraxs Productions
ISRC number: GBXNE1700031 to GBXNE1700044
This album version release: 1st April 2017
Recording location: Philadelphia, LA, Nashville and London
Original song incarnation 2011 and released on the album ‘Make five’ by Bandtraxs

For more information about the track please visit www.bandtraxs.com or contact carl@bandtraxs.com

Artists and session musicians on ‘A little of the big stuff’:

Lead Vocals:
LaTisha (Studio Pros, Los Angeles)

Backing vocals
LaTisha (Studio Pros, Los Angeles)
Carl Dixon (London)

Musicians
Drums 1: Jeff Leonard, 
Recorded at 'The Grooveyard', Philadelphia. Thanks to Bobby Eli.
Drums 2: Loopmaster
Drums 3: Simon Moss, London
Guitar 1: Mark Baldwin, Nashville
Guitar 2: Carl Dixon, London
Bass guitar: Gavin Morris, Manchester
Horns: Studio Pros, Los Angeles
Keys/percussion: Carl Dixon

A little of the big stuff (vocal Radio Mix)
A little of the big stuff (Instrumental Radio Mix)
A little of the big stuff (Extended Vocal Mix)
A little of the big stuff (Extended Instrumental Mix)
A little of the big stuff (Vocal Loft Mix)
A little of the big stuff (Instrumental Loft Mix)
A little of the big stuff (Vocal Moss Mix)
A little of the big stuff (Instrumental Moss Mix)
A little of the big stuff (Vocal Middle Eight Mix)
A little of the big stuff (Instrumental Middle Eight Mix)
A little of the big stuff (Instrumental Organ Mix)
A little of the bif stuff (Instrumental El Piano Mix)
A little of the big stuff (Instrumental Vibe Mix)
A little of the big stuff (Instrumental Sweet Mix)



Written, produced, mixed and mastered by
Carl Dixon for Bandtraxs Productions



© Carl Dixon 2013, (P) 2017

Monday 6 November 2023

Detroit Session Pomo 2008


This short promo showcases the talent used to create some great Detroit music in 2008). Retro in style, the songs feature great musicianship and performances from the legendary Dennis Coffey, who produced the session and singing talent which featured Spyder Turner and Pree. This


The arrangements were by David J. Van De Pitte (Motown/MarvinGaye 'What's Goin' On',) solo Saxes by George Katsakis of The Royaltones fame and Gil Bridges from Rare Earth. Drums by Uriel Jones and Spider Webb, Percussion by Denis Sheridan and Larry Fratangelo, Vibes by Rob Pipho, Guitars by Dennis Coffey, Ray Monette, Bass guitar by Bob Babbit and the Steinway Grand featured Robert Jones.

See further down this blog for full versions of those recordings.







https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UKuRfjNmY-E

Sunday 5 November 2023

'Suddenly There's You' by Pree (Original 2008 Studio Mix)



‘Suddenly There's You’
(original full studio mix)
Written by: Carl Dixon/Karen Pree © 2008
CHD Publishing (PRS, MCPS) ℗2020 Bandtraxs/Carl Dixon

Performed by
PREE






The unmistakable voice of Pree who performs "Suddenly there’s you” a rhythmic piece of danceable soul with overtones from the 1960’s. The original song concept was written in London 2003 and made its final journey to Detroit, Michigan for completion in 2008. Dennis Coffey produced the track for Bandtraxs Productions at ‘Studio A’, Dearborn Heights, Detroit. The arrangement was by the renowned David J. Van De Pitte and in addition the track features some legendary session musicians from the heart and soul of the city. Pree played an important role in providing her vocal and song arranging talents to make this project work as well as being a co-writer of the song. 


This release features the original full length studio vocal and instrumental versions which have never been available before and in addition, three original demos that helped pave the way for this being ultimately recorded in Detroit. The 2003 and 2006 demos were first aired on the Salford radio station WFM by UK soul connoisseur DJ Harry Grundy in 2006 giving credence to the song and his conviction meant a studio booking two years later to record the song for real. The official digital release for the shorter version was 2009 and in addition, 45 rpm 7” vinyl pressings were commissioned later utilising the same shorter mix.

IMPORTANT INFORMATION 
Title: Suddenly there’s you (short/full studio versions)
Writers: Carl Dixon (PRS)/Pree (ASCAP) 
Artist: Pree 
Label: Bandtraxs 
Production: Dennis Coffey & Carl Dixon for Bandtraxs Productions
Artwork: Michelle Melkman 
Studio Sleeve Art Photo: Johnnie Sue Bridges
ISRC number: GBXNE2000001/2/3/4/5 
This release: 15th June 2020 
Original song incarnation: 2nd March 2003 (first demo version) 
Recording location: Studio A, Dearborn Heights, Detroit, March 2008 
Demo recording locations: London 2003/6 
For more information about the track please visit www.bandtraxs.com

Artists and session musicians on ‘Suddenly there’s you’ - studio version 
Lead Vocals: Pree 
Backing vocals: Spyder Turner, Gayle Butts, Pree 
Drums 1: Uriel Jones 
Drums 2: Spider Webb 
Percussion 1: Dennis Sheridan 
Percussion 2: Larry Frantangelo 
Guitar 1: Dennis Coffey 
Guitar 2: Ray Monette 
Bass guitar: Bob Babbitt 
Steinway Grand Piano: Robert Jones 
Horns 1 Trumpet: John Trudell 
Horns 2 Trumpet: David Jennings 
Horns 3 Trombone: Edward Gooch 
Horns 4 Tenor sax: George Benson 
Horns 5 Baritone sax: Mark Berger 
Vibraphones: Rob Pipho 


Arranger & Studio Conductor: David J. Van De Pitte 


Produced by 

Dennis Coffey for Bandtraxs Productions


Recording location Studio A Recordings Inc 
5619 North Beech Daly 
Dearborn Heights 
Michigan 48127-3927 


Engineered and mixed by Todd Fairall 
Assistant engineer Jezreel Santos 
Mastered by Eric Morgeson 


Demos written, produced, mixed and mastered by Carl Dixon in London between 2003 and 2006


Musicians on London/England demo versions 
Guitar, bass guitar, keys: Carl Dixon 


Drums Uriel Jones and Pistol Allen from 'The Drummers of Motown' collection painstakingly sequenced and edited by Carl Dixon

© Carl Dixon 2020